实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

成人血清白蛋白的典型参考范围是多少？

1. A约 0.5–1.0 g/dL（5–10 g/L）
2. B约 8.5–10.5 g/dL（85–105 g/L）
3. C约 12–16 g/dL（120–160 g/L）
4. D约 3.5–5.0 g/dL（35–50 g/L）

实验室使用自己的参考范围将某项结果标为偏高，但该数值在你教科书的范围内。对这位患者应使用哪个范围？

1. A你能在任何资料中找到的最宽的范围
2. B进行检测的实验室的参考范围
3. C你实习所在医院使用的范围
4. D教科书的范围，因为教科书是国家标准

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used mainly in relation to which organ?

1. APancreas
2. BThyroid gland
3. CPituitary gland
4. DProstate gland

A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has a target INR of 2.0–3.0. How does the usual target for a patient with a mechanical mitral valve compare?

1. AHigher, about 2.5–3.5
2. BLower, about 1.0–1.5
3. CThe same, 2.0–3.0
4. DMuch higher, about 5.0–6.0

垂体手术后，一名患者每小时排出约 400 mL 淡色尿，比重 1.002，钠已升至 149 mEq/L。最可能的是哪种情况？

1. ASIADH
2. B急性肾损伤伴少尿
3. C高血糖伴酮症酸中毒
4. D尿崩症

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
2. BThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
3. CThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
4. DThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine

A patient recovering from acute tubular necrosis now passes 4–5 L of urine a day. Which electrolyte changes should the nurse watch for?

1. AHigh calcium and high phosphate from bone loss
2. BNo changes, because the kidneys are now normal
3. CHigh potassium and high sodium from retention
4. DLow potassium and low sodium from urine losses

A woman who is 34 weeks pregnant has high blood pressure, right upper abdominal pain, a platelet count of 70 × 10³/µL, raised ALT and AST, and a raised LDH. Which condition fits best?

1. AGestational diabetes
2. BPhysiologic anemia of pregnancy
3. CHELLP syndrome
4. DAcute cholecystitis