实验室检查值与电解质练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的实验室检查值与电解质练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

In many US nursing references, what is the commonly cited therapeutic range for serum lithium in maintenance therapy?

  1. AAbout 0.6–1.2 mEq/L
  2. BAbout 10–20 mEq/L
  3. CAbout 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
  4. DAbout 2.0–3.0 mEq/L
2.简单

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

  1. AYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
  2. BOld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen
  3. CPlatelets that are larger than normal in size
  4. DImmature white blood cells released during infection
3.简单

A raised serum uric acid is most closely linked to which condition?

  1. AHypothyroidism
  2. BGout
  3. CIron-deficiency anemia
  4. DOsteoporosis
4.中等

Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?

  1. AUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit
  2. BThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
  3. CAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level
  4. DThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly
5.中等

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

  1. AReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
  2. BReference ranges include every healthy person without exception
  3. CRanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
  4. DAny result outside the range always means disease is present
6.中等

哪种治疗通过使钾进入细胞内来降低血清钾？

  1. A静脉注射普通胰岛素并配合葡萄糖
  2. B静脉输注 0.45% 氯化钠
  3. C在 10 分钟内静脉注射葡萄糖酸钙
  4. D口服氯化钾补充剂
7.困难

A patient's results: sodium 140 mEq/L, chloride 100 mEq/L, bicarbonate 12 mEq/L. What is the anion gap, and what does it suggest?

  1. A12 mEq/L, a normal anion gap
  2. B52 mEq/L, a very high anion gap
  3. C28 mEq/L, a high anion gap
  4. D40 mEq/L, a high anion gap
8.困难

A patient with acute kidney injury has a potassium of 6.8 mEq/L despite medical treatment, a pH of 7.12 and pulmonary edema not responding to diuretics. Which treatment is most likely needed?

  1. AMore oral fluid
  2. BUrgent dialysis
  3. CAn IV magnesium dose
  4. DA potassium supplement

答案

  1. 1. A · About 0.6–1.2 mEq/L
  2. 2. A · Young red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
  3. 3. B · Gout
  4. 4. B · The blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
  5. 5. C · Ranges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
  6. 6. A · 静脉注射普通胰岛素并配合葡萄糖
  7. 7. C · 28 mEq/L, a high anion gap
  8. 8. B · Urgent dialysis

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