内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

1. AThe coronary arteries
2. BThe inner lining of the heart chambers
3. CThe heart muscle itself
4. DThe sac that surrounds the heart

为什么高血压常被称为“沉默的杀手”？

1. A它总会引起头痛，而患者学会了忽略
2. B它主要发生在夜间睡眠时
3. C它在损害器官的同时往往没有症状
4. D只能通过血液检查发现

Which sound is typical of a pleural friction rub?

1. AA high-pitched musical sound on expiration
2. BFine bubbling sounds that clear with coughing
3. CA harsh sound on breathing in from the throat
4. DA creaking, grating sound with each breath

A patient arrives with suspected cardiac chest pain. How soon should a 12-lead ECG be recorded?

1. AThe following morning
2. BWithin about 10 minutes of arrival
3. CWithin 2 hours of arrival
4. DOnly after the troponin result is available

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. AKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night
2. BSitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent
3. CKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling
4. DLying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. APotassium has no link with either medicine
2. BHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
3. CLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
4. DLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity

一名心肌梗死恢复中的患者对恢复正常生活感到焦虑。哪项干预最能支持其康复？

1. A建议感觉好了就停药
2. B建议永远避免一切运动
3. C建议卧床休息三个月
4. D转介心脏康复

During tracheal suctioning, a patient's heart rate drops from 88/min to 48/min. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue suctioning until the airway is completely clear
2. BIncrease the suction pressure to finish faster
3. CGive a dose of atropine without a prescription
4. DStop suctioning, give oxygen and monitor the patient