内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

新练习卷在线练习，附提示

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is the normal resting respiratory rate for an adult?

  1. A30–40 breaths per minute
  2. B12–20 breaths per minute
  3. C24–30 breaths per minute
  4. D6–10 breaths per minute
2.简单

哪种体位通常能帮助 COPD 急性加重的患者更容易呼吸？

  1. A在硬床垫上俯卧
  2. B坐起，身体前倾，手臂有支撑
  3. C平躺仰卧，双腿用枕头抬高
  4. D侧卧，头部放低
3.简单

What does "pleuritic" chest pain mean?

  1. AAching that is worse when the arm is moved
  2. BBurning pain behind the breastbone after meals
  3. CSharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing
  4. DDull pressure that spreads to the jaw on exertion
4.中等

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

  1. ABoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
  2. BSteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
  3. CThe order makes no difference to either drug
  4. DSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
5.中等

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

  1. AA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
  2. BA blocked pulmonary artery
  3. CA leaking aortic valve
  4. DA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
6.中等

Which skin changes around the ankles are typical of chronic venous insufficiency?

  1. ABrown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin
  2. BA cold, white foot with no pulse
  3. CPale, shiny, hairless skin with weak pulses
  4. DA sharply defined red patch with fever
7.困难

A patient with pneumonia has a temperature of 39 °C, pain and a sinus tachycardia of 122/min. BP is normal. What is the best way to manage the heart rate?

  1. AArrange urgent electrical cardioversion to restore a normal rate
  2. BTreat the fever, pain and possible dehydration, then reassess
  3. CGive a beta-blocker to bring the heart rate below 100/min
  4. DGive IV adenosine
8.困难

A woman starting rifampicin (rifampin) for tuberculosis uses a combined oral contraceptive pill. What advice is correct?

  1. AStop all contraception during TB treatment, as pregnancy cannot occur
  2. BContinue the pill as usual, because there is no interaction with TB drugs
  3. CTake two pills a day to make up for the drug
  4. DUse another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect

答案

  1. 1. B · 12–20 breaths per minute
  2. 2. B · 坐起，身体前倾，手臂有支撑
  3. 3. C · Sharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing
  4. 4. D · Salbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait
  5. 5. D · A stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
  6. 6. A · Brown staining, swelling and dry, itchy skin
  7. 7. B · Treat the fever, pain and possible dehydration, then reassess
  8. 8. D · Use another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect

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