内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

  1. AAbout 500 mL
  2. BAbout 5 litres
  3. CAbout 1.5 litres
  4. DAbout 50 mL
2.简单

Which test is used to screen for an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

  1. AA peak expiratory flow test
  2. BA plain chest X-ray
  3. CA resting 12-lead ECG
  4. DAn abdominal ultrasound scan
3.简单

Which procedure relieves cardiac tamponade?

  1. ACardioversion
  2. BPericardiocentesis
  3. CBronchoscopy
  4. DThoracentesis (pleural tap)
4.中等

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

  1. ATo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma
  2. BTo flush the bacteria out through the urine
  3. CTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
  4. DTo make the cough completely stop
5.中等

为什么吸氧流量低于约 5 L/min 时不应使用简易面罩？

  1. A低流量时氧气无法湿化
  2. B低流量时弹性束带太松
  3. C呼出的 CO₂ 会积聚在面罩内并被重复吸入
  4. D低流量时面罩输送的氧气过多
6.中等

What is the purpose of a mucolytic such as carbocisteine in chronic productive cough?

  1. ATo widen the airways within minutes
  2. BTo stop the patient coughing completely, day and night
  3. CTo kill bacteria in the airways
  4. DTo make sputum thinner and easier to cough up
7.困难

A patient with a COPD exacerbation has been on NIV for two hours. They are now more drowsy, and the pH has fallen further despite a good mask fit. What should the nurse do?

  1. AContinue NIV unchanged and repeat the blood gas tomorrow morning
  2. BRemove the mask and give nebulised bronchodilators only from now on
  3. CGive a sedative to help the patient tolerate the mask
  4. DEscalate urgently for review of intubation or a ceiling of care
8.困难

心脏手术后一小时，纵隔引流管引出 350 mL 鲜红色血液，心率正在上升。护士应怎么做？

  1. A记录引流量并继续每小时检查
  2. B每五分钟用力挤捏管路
  3. C夹闭引流管以阻止进一步失血
  4. D立即报告外科团队

答案

  1. 1. A · About 500 mL
  2. 2. D · An abdominal ultrasound scan
  3. 3. B · Pericardiocentesis
  4. 4. C · To prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
  5. 5. C · 呼出的 CO₂ 会积聚在面罩内并被重复吸入
  6. 6. D · To make sputum thinner and easier to cough up
  7. 7. D · Escalate urgently for review of intubation or a ceiling of care
  8. 8. D · 立即报告外科团队

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