内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Which group of symptoms suggests obstructive sleep apnoea?

1. AWheeze, cough and itchy eyes that come on after exercise
2. BFever, cough and rust-coloured sputum
3. CNight sweats, weight loss and a cough lasting several weeks
4. DLoud snoring, pauses in breathing and daytime sleepiness

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

1. A7.00–7.20
2. B6.80–7.00
3. C7.35–7.45
4. D7.50–7.65

What is the main role of the delay at the atrioventricular (AV) node?

1. AIt speeds the impulse to the ventricles so they beat sooner
2. BIt starts each heartbeat by firing faster than the SA node
3. CIt closes the aortic valve
4. DIt gives the ventricles time to fill before they contract

How is a patient usually positioned for a thoracentesis?

1. ALying on the affected side with the head down
2. BFlat on the back with the legs raised
3. CSitting upright and leaning forward over a table
4. DProne with the arms by the sides

A patient with angle-closure glaucoma needs nebulised ipratropium. What precaution is sensible?

1. ARun it at the highest possible gas flow
2. BMix it with an eye drop before putting it in the nebuliser
3. CUse a mouthpiece or protect the eyes from the mist
4. DGive it only with the patient lying completely flat

A patient has exercise-induced asthma. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AExercise only in cold, dry air to toughen the airways
2. BAvoid all forms of exercise permanently to prevent attacks
3. CUse the reliever inhaler shortly before exercise and warm up
4. DTake a beta-blocker before exercise

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. AStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
2. BReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
3. CDeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment
4. DRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic

一名哮喘患者有服用阿司匹林后喘息的病史。术后疼痛被开具了布洛芬。护士应怎么做？

1. A给药，因为布洛芬与阿司匹林无关
2. B仅在疼痛评分高于 8/10 时给药
3. C暂停给药并要求更换其他药物
4. D与缓解型吸入器同时给药