内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Which procedure relieves cardiac tamponade?

1. APericardiocentesis
2. BCardioversion
3. CThoracentesis (pleural tap)
4. DBronchoscopy

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs
2. BIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
3. CIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing
4. DIt divides the trachea into two bronchi

下列哪项表现是下肢深静脉血栓形成的典型表现？

1. A行走时小腿疼痛，休息数分钟后缓解
2. B双踝周围皮肤棕色色素沉着
3. C单侧小腿肿胀、发热和压痛
4. D双足冰冷、苍白且无脉搏

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

1. ATo flush the bacteria out through the urine
2. BTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
3. CTo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma
4. DTo make the cough completely stop

一名服用华法林的患者开始每天吃大量菠菜和羽衣甘蓝沙拉。主要的担忧是什么？

1. A服用华法林时，绿色蔬菜会损害肝脏
2. B额外的维生素 K 可能使 INR 降低
3. C额外的维生素 K 可能使 INR 升高
4. D食物与华法林之间没有相互作用

During airway suctioning, when should suction be applied?

1. AContinuously for at least 30 seconds
2. BBefore the catheter enters the airway
3. COnly while withdrawing the catheter
4. DOnly while inserting the catheter

一名因心房颤动服用华法林的患者被开具克拉霉素。哪项措施最恰当？

1. A整个抗生素疗程期间停用华法林
2. B询问是否应提前检查 INR，因为它可能升高
3. C疗程期间将华法林剂量加倍
4. D不作任何改变，因为抗生素不影响华法林

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea who uses CPAP at home is having surgery. Which plan is safest after the operation?

1. ANurse the patient lying flat on their back to keep the airway open
2. BUse their CPAP machine and monitor closely, using opioids with caution
3. CGive extra opioids so the patient sleeps through the night
4. DLeave the CPAP machine at home, as it is not needed while in hospital