内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Mesothelioma of the pleura is strongly linked with exposure to which substance?

1. ACoal dust
2. BPollen
3. CWood smoke
4. DAsbestos

Which three symptoms are classic in severe aortic stenosis?

1. ACalf pain, leg swelling and redness of one leg
2. BFever, painful swollen joints and a spreading skin rash
3. CExertional chest pain, fainting and breathlessness
4. DWheeze, cough and clear sputum

Which organism is the most common bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia?

1. AEscherichia coli
2. BClostridioides difficile
3. CCandida albicans
4. DStreptococcus pneumoniae

A peripheral cannula site is red, warm, tender and swollen along the vein. What should the nurse do?

1. ARemove the cannula, document and monitor the site
2. BFlush the cannula hard to clear it
3. CCover the site and keep using it until it blocks
4. DLeave it in place, as this is normal after 24 hours

为什么缺血性心脏病患者不应突然停用 β 受体阻滞剂？

1. A突然停药会引起严重而持久的低血糖
2. B反跳性心动过速和高血压可诱发心绞痛或心肌梗死
3. C药物会在组织中储存数月
4. D停药后心率会永久性变慢

A pulse oximeter on a patient's finger gives an unreliable, flickering reading. Which factor is the most likely cause?

1. AThe patient sitting upright in a chair
2. BCold hands with poor peripheral circulation
3. CThe patient having eaten recently
4. DA regular heart rate of 75 beats per minute

A healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel) reports four observations. Which one needs the nurse's attention first?

1. AA patient with a DVT whose leg is less swollen today
2. BA patient after a PCI asking for a cup of tea
3. CA patient with heart failure who is newly confused, with SpO₂ 89%
4. DA patient with COPD whose SpO₂ is 90% on 1 L/min, which is usual for him

The monitor of a patient with a permanent pacemaker shows pacing spikes, but none of them is followed by a QRS complex. What does this mean?

1. AFailure to sense
2. BFailure to capture
3. CAtrial fibrillation
4. DNormal pacemaker function