内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?

1. AThe left atrium
2. BThe right ventricle
3. CThe right atrium
4. DThe left ventricle

What does the term "apnoea" mean?

1. ACoughing up blood
2. BA pause or stop in breathing
3. CBreathlessness on lying flat
4. DA breathing rate above normal

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe mean arterial pressure
2. BThe diastolic pressure
3. CThe pulse pressure
4. DThe systolic pressure

监护仪显示心室颤动。患者无反应，呼吸不正常。关键的治疗是什么？

1. A尽快进行心肺复苏和除颤
2. B深度镇静下的同步电复律
3. C快速静脉注射腺苷，随后冲管
4. D静脉注射阿托品和体外起搏

How big should a suction catheter be compared with the tracheostomy or endotracheal tube?

1. ANo more than half the internal diameter of the tube
2. BAny size, as the diameter does not matter
3. CExactly the same diameter as the tube, for a tight fit
4. DLarger than the tube, so that it clears it completely

Where is the V1 electrode placed for a 12-lead ECG?

1. AJust below the left collarbone
2. BThe fourth intercostal space just right of the sternum
3. COver the left nipple
4. DThe fifth intercostal space in the mid-axillary line

一名已知高血压患者血压为 186/112 mmHg，没有症状，也没有器官损害的体征。哪种应对最恰当？

1. A复测、上报，并预期在数小时至数天内口服治疗
2. B呼叫心脏骤停团队并准备插管
3. C不采取任何行动，因为患者感觉良好、没有症状
4. D静脉推注降压药，15 分钟内降到 120/80 mmHg

After a faulty gas heater was found at home, a patient has headache, nausea and confusion. SpO₂ is 99% on air. What is the priority treatment?

1. AHigh-concentration oxygen via a non-rebreather mask
2. BOxygen at 1 L/min via nasal cannula
3. CReassurance, because the oxygen saturation is normal
4. DParacetamol (acetaminophen) and observation only