内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Which muscle does most of the work of quiet breathing?

1. AThe diaphragm
2. BThe trapezius
3. CThe abdominal muscles
4. DThe sternocleidomastoid

对服用抗凝药的患者，应给予哪项建议？

1. A任何疼痛都服用布洛芬而不是对乙酰氨基酚
2. B一出现小瘀斑就漏服一次药
3. C使用软毛牙刷，并报告异常出血
4. D从现在起避免吃所有绿叶蔬菜

When is pneumonia classed as hospital-acquired?

1. AOnly when it is caused by a virus
2. BWhen it starts 48 hours or more after admission
3. CWhen it starts within the first hour after admission
4. DWhen the patient had symptoms before admission

After a bronchoscopy with throat anaesthesia, when can the patient eat and drink?

1. AWhen the gag and cough reflexes have returned
2. BOnly after a chest X-ray has been reported
3. CImmediately after the scope is removed
4. DAfter a full 24 hours without food

胸腔引流管中的液面不再波动。这可能意味着什么？

1. A引流装置开始引流腹部
2. B瓶内水位过高，无法移动
3. C肺已复张，或引流管扭曲、堵塞
4. D对侧出现了新的气胸

A patient on furosemide has a serum potassium of 3.0 mmol/L (3.0 mEq/L). Which symptoms may this cause?

1. AMuscle weakness, cramps and an irregular pulse
2. BFacial flushing, fever and a skin rash
3. CTingling around the lips and painful spasm of the hands
4. DSevere headache and a stiff neck

A patient has been on continuous NIV via a full-face mask for two days. Which nursing measure helps prevent the most common complication?

1. AUse the same mask size for every patient
2. BTighten the straps as far as they will go to stop any leak
3. CRemove the mask for an hour each time the alarm sounds
4. DCheck mask fit and protect the bridge of the nose

During tracheal suctioning, a patient's heart rate drops from 88/min to 48/min. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the suction pressure to finish faster
2. BContinue suctioning until the airway is completely clear
3. CGive a dose of atropine without a prescription
4. DStop suctioning, give oxygen and monitor the patient