内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

What does an SpO₂ reading measure?

1. AThe percentage of haemoglobin carrying oxygen
2. BThe amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood
3. CThe total haemoglobin level
4. DThe oxygen level in the brain

Which vaccine is used to protect against tuberculosis?

1. ABCG
2. BDTaP
3. CHPV
4. DMMR

What does "hypovolaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of haemoglobin with a normal blood volume
2. BA high level of fluid in the tissues
3. CA low level of sodium in the blood
4. DA reduced volume of blood in the circulation

A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?

1. AThe reading will be falsely low
2. BThe reading will be falsely high
3. COnly the pulse rate will be affected
4. DThe reading will be accurate but slower

Which energy-conservation advice is most useful for a patient with severe COPD?

1. ASit down for tasks such as washing and dressing, and pace activities
2. BAvoid any activity at all, staying in a chair to save their energy
3. CHold the breath while lifting heavy objects
4. DDo all the household tasks quickly in the morning to get them done

A woman had lymph nodes removed from her left armpit for breast cancer. Which advice helps reduce the risk of lymphoedema?

1. AKeep the left arm hanging down and as still as possible all day
2. BApply tight jewellery to the left wrist
3. CUse only the left arm for heavy lifting to build up its muscles
4. DAvoid BP cuffs and injections on the left arm where possible

A woman starting rifampicin (rifampin) for tuberculosis uses a combined oral contraceptive pill. What advice is correct?

1. AContinue the pill as usual, because there is no interaction with TB drugs
2. BUse another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect
3. CTake two pills a day to make up for the drug
4. DStop all contraception during TB treatment, as pregnancy cannot occur

A 70-year-old man has a small abdominal aortic aneurysm found on screening and is placed under surveillance. Which advice is most important?

1. AHave the aneurysm repaired immediately, whatever its size or growth rate
2. BStop all blood pressure medicines to avoid low pressure
3. CAvoid all exercise and lifting for the rest of his life to protect the aorta
4. DStop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain