内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

Which organism causes tuberculosis?

1. APseudomonas aeruginosa
2. BMycobacterium tuberculosis
3. CCorynebacterium diphtheriae
4. DStaphylococcus aureus

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

1. AIt divides the trachea into two bronchi
2. BIt covers the entrance to the larynx during swallowing
3. CIt vibrates to produce the sound of the voice when speaking
4. DIt warms and moistens the air on its way into the lungs

In a tension pneumothorax, which way does the trachea usually shift?

1. AIt never moves in a pneumothorax
2. BAway from the affected side
3. CUpwards towards the chin
4. DTowards the affected side

一名室上性心动过速患者将接受静脉腺苷。护士应提醒患者注意什么？

1. A手臂静脉处灼痛约一周
2. B之后数小时的嗜睡、言语含糊和意识混乱
3. C之后持续数天的头痛
4. D短暂的面部潮红或胸闷，以及几秒钟的停顿感

A patient taking isosorbide mononitrate asks about sildenafil for erectile dysfunction. What is the main danger?

1. ASevere hypotension
2. BA very high potassium level
3. CBleeding from the gums
4. DSevere hypertension

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
2. BA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance
3. CIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level
4. DThe patch works only during the night

一名服用达比加群的患者发生严重消化道出血。可使用哪种特异性逆转剂？

1. A单用氨甲环酸
2. B硫酸鱼精蛋白
3. C植物甲萘醌（维生素 K）
4. D依达赛珠单抗

A nurse teaches a patient who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will tell staff about the device before any MRI scan."
2. B"I will keep my mobile phone in my shirt pocket over the device."
3. C"I will keep my follow-up appointments for device checks."
4. D"I will carry my pacemaker identification card with me at all times."