内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Legionnaires' disease is usually acquired from which source?

  1. AContaminated water systems such as cooling towers and showers
  2. BContact with cats' litter trays while cleaning them at home
  3. CMosquito bites when travelling in warm, humid countries
  4. DEating undercooked chicken or eggs bought from a market stall
2.简单

In an adult over 40, an added third heart sound (S3) most often suggests which problem?

  1. AHeart failure with fluid overload
  2. BA narrowed aortic valve
  3. CA normal finding of good fitness
  4. DInflammation of the pericardium
3.简单

What is the normal range for arterial PaCO₂?

  1. AAbout 4.7–6.0 kPa (35–45 mmHg)
  2. BAbout 8.0–9.0 kPa (60–68 mmHg)
  3. CAbout 1.0–2.0 kPa (8–15 mmHg)
  4. DAbout 10–13 kPa (75–100 mmHg)
4.中等

A patient's capillary refill time at the fingertip is 4 seconds. What does this suggest?

  1. AA high haemoglobin level
  2. BNormal peripheral perfusion
  3. CReduced peripheral perfusion
  4. DAn unusually strong cardiac output
5.中等

A 34-year-old has hypertension that is hard to control and a low serum potassium without taking diuretics. Which cause should be considered?

  1. AHypothyroidism
  2. BPrimary hyperaldosteronism
  3. CIron-deficiency anaemia
  4. DEssential hypertension of ageing
6.中等

什么是射血分数？

  1. A舒张期充盈末期左心室内的压力
  2. B每次心搏射出的心室血量所占的百分比
  3. C每次心跳泵出的血量
  4. D心脏每分钟泵出的血量
7.困难

A patient with a stab wound to the chest has a hole that sucks air with each breath. What is the immediate management?

  1. ASeal it completely with tape on all four sides and leave it alone
  2. BLeave it open and give a nebuliser
  3. CPack the wound tightly with gauze pushed deep into the chest
  4. DCover it with a vented chest seal or a dressing taped on three sides
8.困难

A nurse receives handover on four patients. Which patient should be seen first?

  1. AA patient with asthma who wants a reliever inhaler before a walk
  2. BA patient with COPD on 1 L/min whose SpO₂ has been 89% and stable throughout the night
  3. CA patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min
  4. DA patient with pneumonia on IV antibiotics who now has a temperature of 38.2 °C

答案

  1. 1. A · Contaminated water systems such as cooling towers and showers
  2. 2. A · Heart failure with fluid overload
  3. 3. A · About 4.7–6.0 kPa (35–45 mmHg)
  4. 4. C · Reduced peripheral perfusion
  5. 5. B · Primary hyperaldosteronism
  6. 6. B · 每次心搏射出的心室血量所占的百分比
  7. 7. D · Cover it with a vented chest seal or a dressing taped on three sides
  8. 8. C · A patient on day 1 after surgery who is newly restless, RR 30/min, SpO₂ 88% on 4 L/min

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