内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

哪项血液检查对心肌损伤的特异性最高？

1. A乳酸脱氢酶
2. B心肌肌钙蛋白
3. CC 反应蛋白
4. D肌酸激酶（总）

What is the pulse pressure?

1. AThe pressure measured in the right atrium at rest
2. BThe average arterial pressure over one whole cardiac cycle
3. CThe number of pulse beats counted in one minute
4. DThe difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

What is the usual SpO₂ of a healthy adult at rest breathing room air?

1. AAbout 95–100%
2. BAbout 60–65%
3. CAbout 80–85%
4. DAbout 70–75%

植入永久起搏器后，最初几周通常会给予哪项指导？

1. A每天用力按摩伤口两次
2. B避免将该侧手臂抬过肩高
3. C六周内完全不能淋浴或清洗
4. D用吊带将手臂完全固定六个月或更长时间

哪些特征最能描述动脉性下肢溃疡？

1. A小腿胫前渗液的溃疡，伴下肢凹陷性水肿
2. B脚趾上疼痛、苍白、边缘整齐如凿的溃疡，足部脉搏减弱
3. C内踝上方浅表、潮湿的溃疡，周围皮肤呈棕色
4. D前脚掌下无痛性溃疡，周围有厚厚的胼胝

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

1. ATo flush the bacteria out through the urine
2. BTo make the cough completely stop
3. CTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
4. DTo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma

心脏手术后一小时，纵隔引流管引出 350 mL 鲜红色血液，心率正在上升。护士应怎么做？

1. A每五分钟用力挤捏管路
2. B夹闭引流管以阻止进一步失血
3. C立即报告外科团队
4. D记录引流量并继续每小时检查

A nurse finds a patient collapsed in bed and unresponsive. What should the nurse do first?

1. AShout for help, open the airway and check breathing for up to 10 seconds
2. BGive two rescue breaths, then check the blood glucose before calling anyone
3. CLeave the patient to fetch a defibrillator before calling anyone
4. DTake a full set of observations, including temperature and blood glucose