内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

服用华法林治疗心房颤动的患者，通常的 INR 目标范围是多少？

1. A0.5–1.0
2. B1.0–1.5
3. C4.0–5.0
4. D2.0–3.0

对吸烟者来说，哪项干预最能有效延缓 COPD 的进展？

1. A戒烟
2. B长期家庭氧疗
3. C每日口服皮质类固醇
4. D长期口服抗生素

Which of these is one of the reversible causes of cardiac arrest known as the "4 Hs"?

1. AHyperventilation
2. BHypertension
3. CHyperglycaemia
4. DHypoxia

关于定量吸入器的储雾罐，下列哪项说法正确？

1. A它是为干粉吸入器设计的
2. B它意味着可以完全停用类固醇预防型吸入器
3. C它使每次喷出的药物比平时更强
4. D所需的协调动作较少，更多药物到达肺部

After a bronchoscopy with throat anaesthesia, when can the patient eat and drink?

1. AOnly after a chest X-ray has been reported
2. BAfter a full 24 hours without food
3. CWhen the gag and cough reflexes have returned
4. DImmediately after the scope is removed

A patient has a heart rate of 36/min with hypotension and dizziness. Which drug is usually the first choice?

1. AOral bisoprolol
2. BIntravenous amiodarone
3. CIntravenous atropine
4. DIntravenous adenosine

A nurse phones the doctor about a patient with pneumonia whose observations are worsening. Using SBAR, which statement is the clearest "recommendation"?

1. A"I am calling about the patient in bed 6."
2. B"He is 72 and was admitted yesterday with community-acquired pneumonia."
3. C"I think he may have sepsis; please review him within 30 minutes."
4. D"His heart rate is 124/min, his BP is 88/50 mmHg and he is confused."

A patient had 40 minutes of chest pain at rest. The ECG shows ST depression without ST elevation, and the troponin is rising. What is the diagnosis?

1. ANon-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
2. BStable angina
3. CAcute pericarditis
4. DST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)