内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

What is the role of cilia in the airways?

1. AThey exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
2. BThey contract to narrow the airways and keep out particles of dust
3. CThey move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat
4. DThey make surfactant to keep the small alveoli open

Which symptom lasting more than three weeks is a classic warning sign of laryngeal cancer?

1. APersistent hoarseness of the voice
2. BItching of the eyes
3. CMild sneezing and a runny nose in the morning
4. DOccasional hiccups

为什么高血压常被称为“沉默的杀手”？

1. A它主要发生在夜间睡眠时
2. B只能通过血液检查发现
3. C它总会引起头痛，而患者学会了忽略
4. D它在损害器官的同时往往没有症状

一名患者血压为 200/125 mmHg，伴新发意识混乱和视物模糊。通常应如何降压？

1. A完全不降压，因为现在大脑依赖高压
2. B尽可能快，几分钟内降到正常值
3. C用一种新的口服药片，一周后复查
4. D用滴定的静脉药物，第一小时内降低最多约 25%

After varicose vein surgery, which advice is usually given?

1. AWear the compression stockings as advised and walk regularly
2. BStand still for long periods to help the veins heal
3. CStay in bed for two weeks with the legs hanging down
4. DAvoid all walking until the bruising has gone

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a steroid inhaler at the same times each day. Which order is usually taught?

1. ASteroid first, then salbutamol straight afterwards
2. BThe order makes no difference to either drug
3. CBoth inhalers puffed together in one breath
4. DSalbutamol first, then the steroid after a short wait

一名已知外周动脉疾病的患者突然出现足部冰冷、苍白、疼痛，没有脉搏，脚趾麻木。优先处理是什么？

1. A立即作为急症上报；保持腿部水平，不加热
2. B用枕头抬高腿，并用热水袋温暖足部
3. C鼓励行走以开放侧支循环
4. D使用加压绷带以改善循环

A nurse teaches a patient how to measure blood pressure at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will sit with my back supported and my arm at heart level."
2. B"I will rest quietly for five minutes before measuring."
3. C"I will take two readings and write them both down."
4. D"I will measure it straight after my morning jog."