内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：心血管与呼吸练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?

  1. A7.50–7.65
  2. B7.00–7.20
  3. C7.35–7.45
  4. D6.80–7.00
2.简单

What is an embolus?

  1. AA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
  2. BA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
  3. CA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture
  4. DA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque
3.简单

How does montelukast work in asthma?

  1. AIt blocks leukotriene receptors in the airways
  2. BIt stimulates beta-2 receptors in the airways
  3. CIt kills bacteria in the bronchi
  4. DIt thins mucus by breaking down DNA
4.中等

A patient with COPD is prescribed long-term oxygen therapy. How many hours a day is it usually needed to improve survival?

  1. AOnly during meals
  2. BAt least 15 hours a day
  3. COnly when walking outside
  4. DAbout one hour each morning
5.中等

为什么吸氧流量低于约 5 L/min 时不应使用简易面罩？

  1. A低流量时弹性束带太松
  2. B低流量时面罩输送的氧气过多
  3. C低流量时氧气无法湿化
  4. D呼出的 CO₂ 会积聚在面罩内并被重复吸入
6.中等

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

  1. AIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly
  2. BIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
  3. CIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways
  4. DIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
7.困难

A patient with pneumonia has a temperature of 39 °C, pain and a sinus tachycardia of 122/min. BP is normal. What is the best way to manage the heart rate?

  1. AGive a beta-blocker to bring the heart rate below 100/min
  2. BTreat the fever, pain and possible dehydration, then reassess
  3. CArrange urgent electrical cardioversion to restore a normal rate
  4. DGive IV adenosine
8.困难

A nurse phones the doctor about a patient with pneumonia whose observations are worsening. Using SBAR, which statement is the clearest "recommendation"?

  1. A"He is 72 and was admitted yesterday with community-acquired pneumonia."
  2. B"His heart rate is 124/min, his BP is 88/50 mmHg and he is confused."
  3. C"I think he may have sepsis; please review him within 30 minutes."
  4. D"I am calling about the patient in bed 6."

答案

  1. 1. C · 7.35–7.45
  2. 2. B · A clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
  3. 3. A · It blocks leukotriene receptors in the airways
  4. 4. B · At least 15 hours a day
  5. 5. D · 呼出的 CO₂ 会积聚在面罩内并被重复吸入
  6. 6. D · It can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
  7. 7. B · Treat the fever, pain and possible dehydration, then reassess
  8. 8. C · "I think he may have sepsis; please review him within 30 minutes."

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