内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

健康的造口是什么样子？

1. A紫色或暗淡、干燥
2. B湿润，呈红色或粉红色
3. C苍白、发凉
4. D干燥，呈黑色

Which non-invasive test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori infection?

1. ALiver function tests
2. BUrea breath test
3. CFaecal occult blood test
4. DSerum amylase test

What is healing by secondary intention?

1. AA wound closed with sutures straight after surgery
2. BA wound that heals without any new tissue
3. CA wound left open that heals from the base upwards
4. DA wound closed a few days after it was left open

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
2. BIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
3. CIt always causes severe diarrhoea
4. DIt can only be given by mouth

什么是麻痹性肠梗阻？

1. A伴发热的肠壁感染
2. B肿瘤阻塞肠腔
3. C大肠扭转，阻断其血供
4. D没有物理性阻塞，但肠蠕动丧失

Which presentation fits acute diverticulitis?

1. APainless jaundice with a palpable gallbladder
2. BCentral chest pain spreading to the left arm
3. CRight upper abdominal pain after fatty meals
4. DLeft lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP

On the ward after surgery, a patient has a red, blistered area of skin under where the diathermy plate was. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply a hot water bottle to improve the circulation
2. BTreat it as a possible burn, report it and complete an incident form
3. CWash it with alcohol and leave it uncovered
4. DIgnore it because skin changes after surgery are normal and expected to fade

A patient taking IV antibiotics has three unexplained loose stools in 24 hours. What should the nurse do first?

1. AMove the patient to a bay with other patients to watch them closely
2. BIsolate the patient and send a stool sample for testing
3. CWait two days to see if the diarrhoea settles
4. DGive loperamide after each loose stool and continue as usual