内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which is the single largest preventable risk factor for cancer?

1. ADrinking tap water
2. BTobacco smoking
3. CWearing synthetic clothing
4. DUsing mobile phones

什么是中性粒细胞减少症？

1. A中性粒细胞计数低
2. B血小板计数低
3. C红细胞计数低
4. D白细胞计数高

How is hepatitis A mainly spread?

1. AFaecal-oral route
2. BBreathing in airborne droplets
3. CTick and mosquito bites
4. DBlood transfusion and needles

Which burn should usually be discussed with a specialist burns service even if it is small?

1. AA tiny burn on the forearm with redness only
2. BA partial-thickness burn on the hand
3. CA small superficial sunburn on the back
4. DA healed burn scar from many years ago

Which advice helps a person with diabetes prevent foot ulcers?

1. AWear tight shoes to support the ankles
2. BCut corns off at home with a sharp blade
3. CSoak the feet in very hot water every evening
4. DCheck the feet every day and never walk barefoot

Why is IV albumin often given after a large-volume paracentesis?

1. ATo replace the clotting factors and platelets lost in the drained fluid
2. BTo prevent low blood pressure and kidney injury from fluid shifts
3. CTo raise the blood glucose after the procedure
4. DTo treat infection in the ascitic fluid

A patient with lung cancer becomes hypotensive and breathless, with distended neck veins and quiet heart sounds. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA side effect of anti-sickness drugs
2. BSuperior vena cava obstruction from the tumour
3. CHypercalcaemia of malignancy from bone metastases
4. DCardiac tamponade from a pericardial effusion

腹部手术后使用硬膜外镇痛的患者血压 82/48 mmHg，脉搏 70 次/分，双足温暖。已排除出血。最可能的原因是什么？

1. A失血引起的低血容量性休克
2. B术后心源性休克
3. C对局部麻醉药的过敏反应
4. D硬膜外引起的交感神经阻滞