内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

哪种营养素对伤口愈合尤其重要？

1. A酒精
2. B蛋白质
3. C咖啡因
4. D盐

Why are swabs, sharps and instruments counted during surgery?

1. ATo calculate the cost of the operation
2. BTo prevent items being left inside the patient
3. CTo decide how long the operation took
4. DTo check the stock in the store room

What is brachytherapy?

1. ARadiotherapy given by a machine from outside the body
2. BSurgery to remove a tumour through a small incision
3. CChemotherapy given slowly into a vein over several hours each day
4. DRadiotherapy from a sealed source placed in or next to the tumour

Why is the time a surgical limb tourniquet is inflated carefully recorded?

1. AThe surgeon is paid per minute of use
2. BThe tourniquet slowly loses all its air after one minute
3. CLong inflation can cause nerve and muscle damage
4. DIt shows how long the anaesthetic gas was used

哪种电解质异常可促成术后肠梗阻？

1. A低钾血症
2. B高钠血症
3. C高钾血症
4. D高磷血症

What does "neoadjuvant" treatment mean?

1. ATreatment that is given only after the cancer has already spread
2. BTreatment given only for pain relief
3. CTreatment that is given instead of any surgery
4. DTreatment before the main treatment, often to shrink the tumour

A patient with recurrent diverticulitis reports passing air and faecal matter in the urine. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA fistula between the colon and the bladder
2. BBowel preparation that was taken too quickly
3. CA kidney stone blocking the ureter
4. DA simple lower urinary tract infection

急性胰腺炎最初几小时，通常推荐哪种补液策略？

1. A无论患者反应如何，都给予非常大量
2. B完全不静脉补液，只喝少量口服水
3. C以目标为导向的平衡晶体液，根据反应调整
4. D单用静脉白蛋白，不用任何晶体液