内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

哪项血液检查常用于诊断急性胰腺炎？

1. A促甲状腺激素水平
2. B胆红素超过正常上限的三倍
3. C肌钙蛋白高于第 99 百分位数
4. D脂肪酶或淀粉酶超过正常值的 3 倍

Which is a main benefit of early mobilisation after surgery?

1. AIt prevents all postoperative pain
2. BLess need to check the wound at all
3. CLower risk of chest infection and blood clots
4. DFaster absorption of the anaesthetic gas

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
2. BThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
3. CThe patient is fully alert and anxious
4. DThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one

一名急性上消化道出血患者到院时血红蛋白正常。为什么这可能有误导性？

1. A只有在液体转移或静脉补液稀释血液后才会下降
2. B血红蛋白只有在持续出血整整一周后才会下降
3. C消化道出血不影响血红蛋白
4. D任何失血后血红蛋白总是先升高

Why is thiamine given to patients with alcohol dependence admitted to hospital?

1. ATo treat the cirrhosis directly
2. BTo prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy
3. CTo reduce the craving for alcohol
4. DTo prevent bleeding from varices

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. APain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
2. BOnly paracetamol may be given
3. COpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority
4. DOpioids must never be used in pancreatitis

A patient with diabetes has rapidly spreading redness around a small wound, severe pain out of proportion, fever and crackling under the skin. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA healing venous ulcer
2. BA simple insect bite
3. CMild contact dermatitis
4. DNecrotising fasciitis

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and says they feel completely well. Which statement is correct?

1. AFeeling well means the dose was too small to cause harm
2. BLiver damage may still develop, and appears only days later
3. CTreatment is not needed if the patient has not vomited
4. DLiver damage after paracetamol occurs only within the first hour or so