内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. APlacing a stent in the bile duct
2. BJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
3. CRemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump
4. DRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions

What is the first phase of wound healing?

1. AHaemostasis
2. BProliferation
3. CMaturation
4. DEpithelialisation

What is an escharotomy?

1. AA cut through burned, tight skin to relieve pressure
2. BDraining a blister with a needle
3. CRemoval of the whole limb after a deep, extensive burn
4. DPlacing a skin graft on a burn

什么是肿瘤溶解综合征？

1. A对化疗输注的过敏反应
2. B最近接受放疗区域的皮肤反应
3. C癌细胞迅速分解引起的代谢急症
4. D压迫神经的缓慢生长的肿瘤

Which infection control measure is correct for a patient with C. difficile diarrhoea?

1. AA shared bay, as long as alcohol gel is used after every contact
2. BA face mask for the patient and visitors only
3. CA single room with its own toilet, and soap-and-water handwashing
4. DNo special measures once antibiotics have started

Which monitoring is especially important for a patient receiving parenteral nutrition?

1. APeak flow and visual acuity
2. BBowel sounds and stool colour only
3. CPupil size and limb strength
4. DBlood glucose and signs of line infection

为什么对术后阿片类药物引起呼吸抑制的患者，纳洛酮通常以小剂量重复给予？

1. A因为高剂量纳洛酮会引起呼吸抑制
2. B恢复呼吸，同时不引起剧烈疼痛和戒断反应
3. C使阿片类药物起效更快、更强
4. D因为大剂量纳洛酮没有额外的效果

A patient with active cancer on chemotherapy develops new swelling and pain in one calf. Why must this be reported promptly?

1. AThe swelling shows the cancer has gone
2. BCalf swelling is a normal effect of chemotherapy
3. CCancer and its treatment greatly increase clot risk
4. DIt is only a muscle strain from walking