内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ALoop diuretics
2. BNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
3. CLow molecular weight heparins
4. DProton pump inhibitors

哪种营养素对伤口愈合尤其重要？

1. A咖啡因
2. B蛋白质
3. C盐
4. D酒精

为什么肝病会出现黄疸？

1. A肝脏无法清除胆红素，使其积聚
2. B肾脏产生过多尿素
3. C肝脏一次制造过多的红细胞
4. D食物中的黄色色素储存在皮肤里

A day after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient has a headache that is worse when sitting up and better when lying flat. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA side effect of the antibiotic
2. BMigraine caused by hospital lighting
3. CPost-dural puncture headache
4. DRaised blood pressure from pain

Why is the "whoosh" test no longer used to check nasogastric tube position?

1. AAir can be heard even when the tube is in the lung
2. BIt needs an X-ray machine at the bedside
3. CThe air always makes the tube block
4. DThe test is far too painful for most patients to tolerate

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. AThe catheter prevents wound infection
2. BHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation
3. CIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
4. DBurns always cause the bladder to rupture

A patient on warfarin has a major upper GI bleed with an INR of 5. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate to reverse the warfarin?

1. AMore warfarin to stabilise the INR
2. BProthrombin complex concentrate with IV vitamin K
3. COral aspirin to balance the clotting system quickly
4. DProtamine sulfate on its own

A patient admitted for an elective general anaesthetic mentions that they ate a slice of toast 3 hours ago. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a large drink to wash the food through
2. BSay nothing, since toast is a light food
3. CInform the anaesthetist, as surgery may be delayed
4. DAsk the patient to try to vomit to empty the stomach