内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. AGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient
2. BPreparing and passing sterile instruments
3. CMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
4. DObtaining the patient's surgical consent

Which bedside test is commonly used to check that a nasogastric tube is in the stomach before each use?

1. APutting the tube end in a cup of water
2. BAsking the patient whether it feels comfortable
3. CListening for a "whoosh" of injected air
4. DTesting aspirate with pH paper

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ALoop diuretics
2. BNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DLow molecular weight heparins

为什么上消化道出血患者的尿素升高可能比肌酐升高得多？

1. A被消化的血液是蛋白质负荷，会使尿素升高
2. B出血总是直接损伤肾小管
3. C尿素由出血的胃黏膜产生
4. D肌酐随呕吐物从体内丢失

A patient on enteral feeding develops diarrhoea. What should the nurse review first?

1. AThe patient's eye drops and skin creams
2. BThe patient's mobility aids and walking distance
3. CThe medicine chart, including laxatives and antibiotics
4. DThe colour of the feeding bag label

造口袋底盘的开口应剪多大？

1. A比造口四周大约 2 cm
2. B任何大小，只要盖住造口即可
3. C略小于造口以便紧密密封
4. D比造口四周大约 2–3 mm

A category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer is now healing and shallower. How should it be documented according to standard guidance?

1. AAs a category 1 pressure ulcer now
2. BAs a category 2 pressure ulcer now
3. CAs a fully healed ulcer that can be removed from the record
4. DAs a healing category 4 pressure ulcer

After two days of large volumes of IV 5% glucose, a postoperative patient becomes confused with a headache. Sodium is 124 mmol/L. What is the likely cause?

1. AHypernatraemia from too much salt
2. BNormal confusion after any anaesthetic
3. CHyponatraemia from hypotonic fluids
4. DHypoglycaemia from the glucose