内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which drug reverses the effects of opioids?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BNaloxone
3. CVitamin K
4. DProtamine

What is the main purpose of marking the surgical site before an operation?

1. ATo tell the porter which theatre to go to
2. BTo show where the skin should be shaved
3. CTo record the patient's allergy status
4. DTo prevent surgery on the wrong side or site

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AA tube placed in the bowel for feeding
2. BAn opening of the bowel onto the skin
3. CA surgical join between two ends of bowel
4. DA drain placed beside the bowel

当使用阿片类药物的患者镇静程度加深时，为什么这很重要？

1. A镇静是所有阿片类药物无害且预期的作用
2. B镇静意味着现在需要更高的剂量
3. C镇静加深通常先于呼吸抑制出现
4. D镇静意味着疼痛已得到完全、安全的控制

A patient takes co-codamol at home (a combination tablet sold under different names in different countries). Why should the nurse check this before giving regular paracetamol (acetaminophen)?

1. ACo-codamol stops paracetamol from working
2. BParacetamol and codeine cause a severe allergic reaction when combined
3. CCo-codamol must be stopped a week before any paracetamol
4. DIt already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur

What are anticipatory ("just in case") medicines at the end of life usually prescribed for?

1. AInfection prevention and vaccination
2. BWeight gain and appetite stimulation
3. CHigh blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes
4. DPain, nausea, agitation and respiratory secretions

通过外周套管针静脉输注长春新碱时，患者报告灼痛，输注部位肿胀。护士首先应做什么？

1. A减慢速度继续输注，并在该部位敷冰袋
2. B停止输注，保留套管针以回抽，并遵循规程
3. C立即拔除套管针并按摩该区域以扩散药物
4. D用生理盐水冲洗套管针，把残留药物推入静脉

Four patients from a house fire arrive in the emergency department. Which should the nurse assess first?

1. AA blistered forearm burn and a small cut on the knee
2. BCircumferential chest burns, with breathing becoming shallow and laboured
3. CPartial-thickness burns to both legs, with pain rated 8/10
4. DRedness on the backs of both hands, and very anxious