内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is a carcinoma?

1. AA cancer arising from epithelial cells
2. BA cancer of white blood cells
3. CA cancer arising from bone or muscle
4. DA benign growth of fatty tissue

为什么肠梗阻时常插入鼻胃管？

1. A使胃减压并减少呕吐
2. B测量肠内的压力
3. C给予泻药以解除梗阻
4. D直接越过梗阻处输入高纤维营养液

What is the main purpose of marking the surgical site before an operation?

1. ATo record the patient's allergy status
2. BTo tell the porter which theatre to go to
3. CTo prevent surgery on the wrong side or site
4. DTo show where the skin should be shaved

What is the most important safety point about misoprostol?

1. AIt strongly raises blood glucose in people with diabetes
2. BIt can cause miscarriage and must not be used in pregnancy
3. CIt must be given only by deep intramuscular injection
4. DIt causes severe constipation in most patients

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. ACalcium supplements
2. BThiazide diuretics
3. CNon-selective beta-blockers
4. DProton pump inhibitors

What is TENS?

1. AA device that sends mild electrical pulses through skin pads
2. BA strong opioid given through the skin as a weekly adhesive patch
3. CA pain score used for babies
4. DA type of epidural catheter inserted in theatre

At the end of an operation, the final count shows one swab missing. What should happen?

1. AClose the wound, as the swab was probably thrown away
2. BTell the surgeon, search, and X-ray if it is not found
3. CRecord the count as correct to avoid a delay
4. DLet the patient leave and search the theatre later

A patient with diabetes has rapidly spreading redness around a small wound, severe pain out of proportion, fever and crackling under the skin. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA healing venous ulcer
2. BMild contact dermatitis
3. CNecrotising fasciitis
4. DA simple insect bite