内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is a common reason for giving a premedication before surgery?

1. ATo treat the surgical wound in advance
2. BTo reduce anxiety
3. CTo replace the general anaesthetic
4. DTo make the patient hungry after surgery

What does the grade of a cancer describe?

1. AHow many treatments the patient has had so far, including surgery
2. BHow far the cancer has spread in the body
3. CHow abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope
4. DThe patient's age when diagnosed

Why are swabs, sharps and instruments counted during surgery?

1. ATo decide how long the operation took
2. BTo check the stock in the store room
3. CTo prevent items being left inside the patient
4. DTo calculate the cost of the operation

Which burn should usually be discussed with a specialist burns service even if it is small?

1. AA small superficial sunburn on the back
2. BA tiny burn on the forearm with redness only
3. CA healed burn scar from many years ago
4. DA partial-thickness burn on the hand

一名急性上消化道出血患者到院时血红蛋白正常。为什么这可能有误导性？

1. A任何失血后血红蛋白总是先升高
2. B血红蛋白只有在持续出血整整一周后才会下降
3. C消化道出血不影响血红蛋白
4. D只有在液体转移或静脉补液稀释血液后才会下降

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. ASimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
2. BNormal ageing of the swallowing muscles
3. CA dry mouth from drinking too little water
4. DA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour

An incontinent patient has diffuse, shiny, red and broken skin in the natal cleft and buttocks with irregular edges, not over a bony prominence. What is most likely?

1. AAn arterial ulcer caused by poor circulation
2. BA category 4 pressure ulcer over the sacrum
3. CIncontinence-associated dermatitis
4. DA full-thickness burn

A patient has sharp, tearing pain on passing stool, "like passing glass", with a streak of fresh blood. Which condition is most likely?

1. ACrohn's disease of the ileum
2. BUpper GI bleeding
3. CColorectal cancer
4. DAnal fissure