内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ADrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
2. BNo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised
3. CHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
4. DSleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees

At which stage of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist does the team confirm the patient, site and procedure just before the skin incision?

1. ASign Out
2. BHandover
3. CSign In
4. DTime Out

What is the first phase of wound healing?

1. AProliferation
2. BEpithelialisation
3. CMaturation
4. DHaemostasis

Why is IV albumin often given after a large-volume paracentesis?

1. ATo raise the blood glucose after the procedure
2. BTo prevent low blood pressure and kidney injury from fluid shifts
3. CTo replace the clotting factors and platelets lost in the drained fluid
4. DTo treat infection in the ascitic fluid

哪些措施有助于预防高危患者发生肿瘤溶解综合征？

1. A限制液体并服用钾片
2. B静脉水化加别嘌醇或拉布立酶
3. C化疗期间停止所有静脉和口服液体
4. D每天补充钙和磷酸盐

Why is IV hydration given with cisplatin?

1. ATo make the drug less effective
2. BTo prevent hair loss
3. CTo raise the blood pressure during treatment
4. DTo protect the kidneys from damage

Using the adult rule of nines, what is the total burn area of the whole right arm plus the whole front of the trunk (both with partial-thickness burns)?

1. A36%
2. B27%
3. C18%
4. D45%

大面积烧伤后第 3 天，患者开始排出大量尿液。护士应预期哪种电解质问题？

1. A高钾血症，因为新的组织损伤释放钾
2. B低钾血症，因为液体回到循环中
3. C卧床和制动引起的高钙血症
4. D高钠血症，因为肾脏开始潴留钠