内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which finding describes a category 1 pressure ulcer?

1. AAn open wound with visible bone at the base
2. BA shallow open wound with a red-pink base and no slough
3. CA wound covered with thick black eschar
4. DIntact skin with redness that does not blanch

Which statement about hepatitis C is correct?

1. AIt always clears by itself within two weeks
2. BIt can be treated only with a liver transplant
3. CIt is spread mainly by food, and a vaccine is given to babies
4. DIt is spread mainly through blood, and there is no vaccine

Which feature is typical of an arterial leg ulcer?

1. AA painful, punched-out wound on a cold, pale foot
2. BA blister on the heel with plenty of hair growth
3. CA painless wound on the shin with normal pulses
4. DA shallow, wet wound around the ankle with warm, swollen skin

一名新做回肠造口的患者排出量很高。主要风险是什么？

1. A脱水以及钠、钾、镁丢失
2. B数天内出现高钙和肾结石
3. C液体过多和踝部肿胀
4. D造口上方肠道便秘和粪便嵌塞

When is cold therapy most useful for pain?

1. ASoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling
2. BDirectly on skin with poor circulation
3. CFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours
4. DOver numb areas where sensation is lost

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. ANon-selective beta-blockers
2. BThiazide diuretics
3. CCalcium supplements
4. DProton pump inhibitors

A patient taking oral capecitabine reports red, painful, peeling palms and soles. What should the nurse do?

1. AAdvise hot soaks for the hands and feet
2. BReassure that it is a sign of an unrelated allergy to washing powder
3. CTell the patient to take a double dose next time
4. DReport it; this is hand-foot syndrome and treatment may need changing

A patient is booked for a urea breath test for H. pylori. Which medicine should usually be stopped 2 weeks before the test?

1. AParacetamol (acetaminophen)
2. BAmlodipine
3. COmeprazole
4. DLevothyroxine