内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is an escharotomy?

1. AA cut through burned, tight skin to relieve pressure
2. BRemoval of the whole limb after a deep, extensive burn
3. CPlacing a skin graft on a burn
4. DDraining a blister with a needle

What is a keloid scar?

1. AA raised scar that grows beyond the edges of the wound
2. BA wound that will not close at all
3. CA scar that forms only on the inside of the body
4. DA flat, pale scar that fades and softens over time

什么是中性粒细胞减少症？

1. A红细胞计数低
2. B血小板计数低
3. C白细胞计数高
4. D中性粒细胞计数低

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding whether IV fluids are needed
2. BEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
3. CAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis
4. DTeaching the patient about high-output risks

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. ASteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer
2. BThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis
3. CSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery
4. DSteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery

What is the main treatment for a venous leg ulcer with an adequate arterial supply?

1. AKeeping the leg hanging down all day
2. BStrong oral antibiotics for all ulcers
3. CCompression therapy
4. DSurgery to amputate the limb

After a coughing fit, the external mark on a patient's nasogastric tube has moved 10 cm. Feed is due. What should the nurse do?

1. ADo not use the tube until its position is confirmed by policy
2. BPush the tube back to the original mark and start the feed
3. CGive the medicines only and save the feed for later
4. DStart the feed at a slow rate and watch for coughing

A patient with a PICC line develops swelling and aching of the same arm and prominent veins on the chest. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
2. BNormal swelling after line insertion
3. CLymphoedema from a previous operation
4. DAn allergy to the dressing