内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is the purpose of anti-embolism stockings for surgical patients?

1. ATo lower the blood pressure after surgery
2. BTo keep the legs warm in theatre
3. CTo prevent pressure ulcers on the heels
4. DTo reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis

使用成人“九分法”，一条完整的手臂占体表面积的百分之多少？

1. A36%
2. B1%
3. C18%
4. D9%

What should patients usually be told about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt happens with every type of cancer treatment, including surgery
2. BIt is always permanent with every drug
3. CIt is usually temporary, and hair grows back afterwards
4. DIt means the treatment is not working

How is the height of an epidural sensory block usually checked?

1. ATesting sensation to cold with ice or a cold spray
2. BChecking the colour of the patient's urine
3. CMeasuring the patient's blood glucose level
4. DTapping the knee with a reflex hammer and recording the score

哪种电解质模式是肿瘤溶解综合征的典型表现？

1. A钾、磷酸盐和尿酸升高；钙降低
2. B钾和磷酸盐降低，钙升高
3. C钾低、磷酸盐低、尿酸低
4. D钠和钙升高，尿酸水平降低

当使用阿片类药物的患者镇静程度加深时，为什么这很重要？

1. A镇静是所有阿片类药物无害且预期的作用
2. B镇静意味着疼痛已得到完全、安全的控制
3. C镇静意味着现在需要更高的剂量
4. D镇静加深通常先于呼吸抑制出现

At the end of an operation, the final count shows one swab missing. What should happen?

1. ALet the patient leave and search the theatre later
2. BRecord the count as correct to avoid a delay
3. CTell the surgeon, search, and X-ray if it is not found
4. DClose the wound, as the swab was probably thrown away

一名小肠梗阻患者的鼻胃管每天引流 2 L。哪项护理重点最重要？

1. A引流 1 L 后拔除导管以防丢失
2. B准确的液体平衡，配合静脉补充和电解质检查
3. C长时间夹闭导管以保留胃液
4. D随意给予口服液体来补充导管引出的量