内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. APreparing and passing sterile instruments
2. BMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
3. CObtaining the patient's surgical consent
4. DGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient

Which urine output is commonly used as the minimum acceptable value for an adult after surgery?

1. AAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 0.05 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 50 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 0.5 mL/kg per hour

Which bedside test is commonly used to check for postoperative urinary retention?

1. AA blood glucose test
2. BA chest X-ray
3. CA 12-lead ECG
4. DA bladder ultrasound scan

当使用阿片类药物的患者镇静程度加深时，为什么这很重要？

1. A镇静是所有阿片类药物无害且预期的作用
2. B镇静意味着疼痛已得到完全、安全的控制
3. C镇静意味着现在需要更高的剂量
4. D镇静加深通常先于呼吸抑制出现

Which advice may help reduce the risk of a parastomal hernia after stoma surgery?

1. AKeep the stoma bag as full as possible
2. BDo intensive sit-ups from the first week
3. CAvoid heavy lifting early on and use support garments as advised
4. DStrain hard on the toilet each day to strengthen the abdominal muscles

手术后哪个时期最可能发生伤口裂开？

1. A术后一年以上
2. B术后约 5–10 天
3. C最初一小时内
4. D仅在手术过程中

一名两个月前放置了冠状动脉支架、服用阿司匹林和氯吡格雷的患者出现黑便，现在情况稳定。对抗血小板药物，最恰当的处理是什么？

1. A将两种药物的剂量加倍，因为出血意味着支架有更大的血栓风险
2. B报告出血；由团队在心脏科的参与下决定，权衡出血与支架血栓
3. C永久停用两种药物，因为任何出血都意味着它们不再安全
4. D两种药物原样继续，并且不向团队提及出血

A patient with a leg ulcer has an ABPI of 0.5. The doctor's plan mentions starting strong compression bandages. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply compression and elevate the leg above the heart all day
2. BWithhold strong compression and discuss urgent vascular referral
3. CApply compression but only at night
4. DApply the strongest compression to speed healing