1.简单
Which bedside test is commonly used to check that a nasogastric tube is in the stomach before each use?
- APutting the tube end in a cup of water
- BTesting aspirate with pH paper
- CListening for a "whoosh" of injected air
- DAsking the patient whether it feels comfortable
2.简单
哪些体征提示烧伤患者有吸入性损伤?
- A户外一天后背部晒伤
- B一只脚烧伤但感觉正常
- C触碰热锅把手后一根手指起水疱
- D面部烧伤、鼻毛烧焦、烟灰和声音嘶哑
3.简单
为什么肝病会出现黄疸?
- A食物中的黄色色素储存在皮肤里
- B肾脏产生过多尿素
- C肝脏无法清除胆红素,使其积聚
- D肝脏一次制造过多的红细胞
4.中等
Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?
- ANon-selective beta-blockers
- BCalcium supplements
- CThiazide diuretics
- DProton pump inhibitors
5.中等
A patient takes co-codamol at home (a combination tablet sold under different names in different countries). Why should the nurse check this before giving regular paracetamol (acetaminophen)?
- AParacetamol and codeine cause a severe allergic reaction when combined
- BCo-codamol must be stopped a week before any paracetamol
- CIt already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur
- DCo-codamol stops paracetamol from working
6.中等
限钠和螺内酯在肝硬化中起什么作用?
- A降低血氨并治疗脑病
- B增加钾丢失并预防高钾血症
- C升高血压并改善肾血流
- D减少钠水潴留并控制腹水
7.困难
一名使用阿片类药物 PCA 的患者经面罩吸氧。SpO₂ 97%,呼吸频率 11 次/分,但现在很难唤醒。护士应得出什么结论?
- A患者是安全的,因为血氧饱和度正常
- B应增加 PCA 剂量以保持患者舒适
- C很可能是阿片类药物中毒;氧气可能掩盖了通气不足
- D患者只是睡得好,因为疼痛已得到控制
8.困难
腹部手术后使用硬膜外镇痛的患者血压 82/48 mmHg,脉搏 70 次/分,双足温暖。已排除出血。最可能的原因是什么?
- A对局部麻醉药的过敏反应
- B硬膜外引起的交感神经阻滞
- C失血引起的低血容量性休克
- D术后心源性休克
答案
- 1. B · Testing aspirate with pH paper
- 2. D · 面部烧伤、鼻毛烧焦、烟灰和声音嘶哑
- 3. C · 肝脏无法清除胆红素,使其积聚
- 4. A · Non-selective beta-blockers
- 5. C · It already contains paracetamol, so overdose could occur
- 6. D · 减少钠水潴留并控制腹水
- 7. C · 很可能是阿片类药物中毒;氧气可能掩盖了通气不足
- 8. B · 硬膜外引起的交感神经阻滞
完整分步解答:请在 examproblems.com 上练习本主题。