内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is the key difference between a benign and a malignant tumour?

1. AA malignant tumour never needs any treatment
2. BA malignant tumour invades nearby tissue and can spread
3. CA benign tumour always grows faster than a malignant one
4. DA benign tumour always spreads to the lymph nodes

Which non-invasive test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori infection?

1. AUrea breath test
2. BFaecal occult blood test
3. CSerum amylase test
4. DLiver function tests

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ANo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised
2. BHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
3. CDrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
4. DSleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees

Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?

1. AFlush the line only when it blocks
2. BAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line
3. CUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible
4. DLeave the external length unchecked once it is placed

严重急性胰腺炎时可能出现哪种电解质问题？

1. A高钙血症
2. B低钙血症
3. C高钾血症
4. D高钠血症

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. AInflammation limited to the rectal lining
2. BDisease that is cured by removing the colon
3. CFistulas between the bowel and other organs
4. DBleeding only from the rectum

一名高压电损伤的患者有小的入口和出口伤口。为什么需要密切监测？

1. A隐匿的肌肉损伤：心律失常、横纹肌溶解、肾损伤
2. B电损伤从不造成皮肤表面以下的损害
3. C皮肤伤口小，说明内部损伤也一定很轻
4. D唯一真正的风险是皮肤伤口的轻微感染

一名肝硬化伴腹水的患者出现新发热、腹部压痛和意识混乱加重。应怀疑哪种并发症？

1. A单纯便秘
2. B急性胰腺炎
3. C腹水的正常进展
4. D自发性细菌性腹膜炎