内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is healing by secondary intention?

1. AA wound left open that heals from the base upwards
2. BA wound that heals without any new tissue
3. CA wound closed with sutures straight after surgery
4. DA wound closed a few days after it was left open

Where are venous leg ulcers usually found?

1. AOn the sole of the foot under the heel
2. BAround the inner ankle, in the gaiter area
3. COn the front of the thigh
4. DOn the tips of the toes and between the toes

Which non-invasive test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori infection?

1. AUrea breath test
2. BFaecal occult blood test
3. CSerum amylase test
4. DLiver function tests

一名新做回肠造口的患者排出量很高。主要风险是什么？

1. A造口上方肠道便秘和粪便嵌塞
2. B液体过多和踝部肿胀
3. C数天内出现高钙和肾结石
4. D脱水以及钠、钾、镁丢失

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. AA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour
2. BA dry mouth from drinking too little water
3. CSimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
4. DNormal ageing of the swallowing muscles

为什么上消化道出血患者的尿素升高可能比肌酐升高得多？

1. A出血总是直接损伤肾小管
2. B尿素由出血的胃黏膜产生
3. C肌酐随呕吐物从体内丢失
4. D被消化的血液是蛋白质负荷，会使尿素升高

髋部手术后第 3 天，一名老年患者急性意识混乱，注意力波动并躁动。护士首先应做什么？

1. A寻找低氧、感染、疼痛或药物等原因，并上报
2. B请家人把患者接回家，让其安定下来
3. C约束患者并立即给予大剂量镇静药
4. D认为这是痴呆，并保持护理计划不变

A nurse has a needlestick injury after taking blood from a patient with hepatitis B. What should the nurse do first?

1. AFinish the shift and report it the next day
2. BScrub the area hard with a nail brush and alcohol
3. CSuck the wound to remove as much of the blood as possible
4. DWash the site with soap and running water, without scrubbing