内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Where should a diathermy return electrode (plate) be placed?

1. AOn skin covered with spirit-based prep that is still wet
2. BOver a metal joint replacement
3. COver a bony area such as the hip bone
4. DOn clean, dry skin over a well-perfused muscle

什么是爆发痛？

1. A尽管有规律的基础镇痛，疼痛仍然突然加重
2. B仅由对镇痛药过敏引起的疼痛
3. C经规律治疗后疼痛已完全消失
4. D仅在手术中感到的疼痛

What is atelectasis?

1. ACollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung
2. BA blood clot in a leg vein
3. CInfection of the surgical wound
4. DSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery

Which statement about fatigue during radiotherapy is correct?

1. AIt means the radiotherapy has failed
2. BIt occurs only after the first session and then disappears completely
3. CIt often builds during the course and can last for weeks
4. DIt is caused by the patient becoming radioactive

Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?

1. ATake a codeine-based painkiller every day
2. BSit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
3. CEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining
4. DEat less fibre so that stools are smaller

出血性消化性溃疡内镜治疗后，常用哪类药物来抑制胃酸？

1. A西替利嗪等 H1 抗组胺药
2. B质子泵抑制剂
3. Cβ 受体阻滞剂
4. D袢利尿剂

On the ward after surgery, a patient has a red, blistered area of skin under where the diathermy plate was. What should the nurse do?

1. ATreat it as a possible burn, report it and complete an incident form
2. BApply a hot water bottle to improve the circulation
3. CIgnore it because skin changes after surgery are normal and expected to fade
4. DWash it with alcohol and leave it uncovered

A patient with gallstones has a temperature of 39 °C with rigors, jaundice and right upper abdominal pain. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AUncomplicated reflux
2. BSimple biliary colic
3. CAcute hepatitis A
4. DAscending cholangitis