内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BThe new cells formed after treatment
3. CThe nerve damage caused by the tumour
4. DSpread to nearby lymph nodes

Which adverse effects are linked with NSAIDs such as ibuprofen?

1. AWeight gain and high potassium only
2. BConstipation and pinpoint pupils
3. CStomach bleeding and kidney injury
4. DHair loss and low white cell count

What should patients usually be told about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt means the treatment is not working
2. BIt is usually temporary, and hair grows back afterwards
3. CIt is always permanent with every drug
4. DIt happens with every type of cancer treatment, including surgery

Which advice is appropriate for a patient with a very low platelet count?

1. AUse a razor blade for shaving every day
2. BUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
3. CFloss hard every day to prevent gum disease
4. DTake aspirin regularly for headaches

关于轻症急性胰腺炎的喂养，下列哪项说法符合目前的指南？

1. A患者必须禁食至少三周以让胰腺休息
2. B患者只应接受肠外营养
3. C在淀粉酶恢复正常之前不进食
4. D一旦疼痛和恶心允许，可尽早恢复经口进食

Which nursing intervention best reduces preoperative anxiety?

1. AExplaining what will happen and answering questions
2. BAvoiding talking about the operation at all
3. CTelling the patient that there is nothing to worry about
4. DKeeping family members away until after surgery

On day 5 after a major burn, a patient is confused, with a temperature of 39.2 °C, tachycardia, and an offensive, discoloured wound. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing only
2. BThe normal hypermetabolic response alone
3. CDelirium from boredom on the ward
4. DBurn wound infection with sepsis

大面积烧伤后第 3 天，患者开始排出大量尿液。护士应预期哪种电解质问题？

1. A卧床和制动引起的高钙血症
2. B高钠血症，因为肾脏开始潴留钠
3. C低钾血症，因为液体回到循环中
4. D高钾血症，因为新的组织损伤释放钾