内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

在高收入国家，成人小肠梗阻最常见的原因是什么？

1. A既往手术造成的粘连
2. B吞入的异物
3. C结直肠癌
4. D嵌顿在胆囊颈部的胆结石

What is the MUST tool used for?

1. AScoring the severity of a burn injury
2. BAssessing the risk of falls
3. CScreening adults for malnutrition risk
4. DMeasuring pain in confused patients

In widely used guidelines, which core temperature defines perioperative hypothermia?

1. ABelow 32.0 °C
2. BBelow 37.5 °C
3. CBelow 38.0 °C
4. DBelow 36.0 °C

A patient on enteral feeding develops diarrhoea. What should the nurse review first?

1. AThe medicine chart, including laxatives and antibiotics
2. BThe patient's eye drops and skin creams
3. CThe colour of the feeding bag label
4. DThe patient's mobility aids and walking distance

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AWait until there has been no stool for a week
2. BStart a regular laxative at the same time
3. CTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
4. DStop eating fibre completely

Which is a recognised risk of long-term proton pump inhibitor use?

1. AHypernatraemia
2. BHypomagnesaemia
3. CHypercalcaemia
4. DHyperkalaemia

化疗后十天，一名患者体温 37.6 °C，但感到发冷不适，脉搏 112 次/分，血压 95/60 mmHg。正确的做法是什么？

1. A等中性粒细胞计数结果再决定是否治疗
2. B给对乙酰氨基酚，四小时后再复测体温
3. C按可能的中性粒细胞减少性脓毒症处理：一小时内静脉使用抗生素
4. D安慰患者，因为体温仍低于 38 °C

A patient with gallstones has a temperature of 39 °C with rigors, jaundice and right upper abdominal pain. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAscending cholangitis
2. BAcute hepatitis A
3. CUncomplicated reflux
4. DSimple biliary colic