内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

WHO 手术安全核查表的目的是什么？

1. A记录患者术后想吃和想喝什么
2. B确保手术前、手术中和手术后进行关键的安全核查
3. C列出外科医生的培训和经验
4. D取代择期手术的知情同意

Why are pressure garments worn after burns heal?

1. ATo keep the patient warm in winter
2. BTo prevent infection of the healed skin
3. CTo hide the scars from other people
4. DTo reduce raised, thick scarring

Where is biliary colic typically felt?

1. AIn the lower back, after lifting something heavy
2. BIn the left lower abdomen, after passing stool
3. CIn the groin, after standing for a long time
4. DIn the right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. AA warmed blanket
2. BSterile normal saline
3. CChlorhexidine skin preparation
4. DThe patient's own blood from cell salvage

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. ALie flat on their back for the first night
2. BBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery
3. CAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
4. DStop all pain relief for the first three days

Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?

1. AWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab
2. BA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster
3. CWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
4. DA wet wound bed always prevents infection

Four hours after surgery, a catheterised patient's urine output has been 10 mL/h for two hours. Vital signs are stable. What should the nurse check first?

1. AYesterday's chest X-ray and blood gas results
2. BThat the catheter and tubing are not kinked or blocked
3. CWhether the patient wants a cup of tea
4. DThe time the patient last ate

上腹部手术后第 2 天，一名患者体温 37.8 °C，未吸氧时 SpO₂ 93%，双肺底呼吸音减弱。由于疼痛，他们没有使用激励式肺量计。最恰当的护理计划是什么？

1. A以 15 L/min 给氧，让患者安静休息
2. B停用所有镇痛药，使患者能更用力地咳嗽
3. C更好地控制疼痛、坐起、深呼吸、活动并上报
4. D让患者卧床并限制活动，直到发热消退