内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which bedside test is commonly used to check for postoperative urinary retention?

1. AA bladder ultrasound scan
2. BA blood glucose test
3. CA 12-lead ECG
4. DA chest X-ray

At which stage of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist does the team confirm the patient, site and procedure just before the skin incision?

1. ASign Out
2. BTime Out
3. CSign In
4. DHandover

What is a spinal anaesthetic?

1. AA general anaesthetic gas breathed through a mask
2. BLocal anaesthetic cream rubbed on the skin
3. CLocal anaesthetic injected into the CSF in the lower back
4. DA sedative tablet taken the night before

Which description fits a category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer?

1. AFull-thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle
2. BA shallow wound into the dermis only
3. CIntact skin with redness that does not blanch
4. DA blister filled with clear fluid over the heel or sacrum

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. AStop all pain relief for the first three days
2. BAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
3. CLie flat on their back for the first night
4. DBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery

伤口愈合的哪个阶段涉及肉芽组织和新生血管的形成？

1. A成熟期
2. B炎症期
3. C增殖期
4. D止血（凝血）期

A nurse teaches a patient to self-inject low molecular weight heparin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll change the injection site each day."
2. B"I'll put the used syringe in the sharps bin."
3. C"I'll report any unusual bruising or bleeding."
4. D"I'll rub the area afterwards to spread the medicine."

During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a diuretic without discussing it
2. BIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high
3. CDiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team
4. DStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter