内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which drug is commonly used to prevent or treat postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AOndansetron
2. BAmlodipine
3. CFurosemide
4. DAtorvastatin

What is the first phase of wound healing?

1. AEpithelialisation
2. BMaturation
3. CProliferation
4. DHaemostasis

What should patients usually be told about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt means the treatment is not working
2. BIt happens with every type of cancer treatment, including surgery
3. CIt is always permanent with every drug
4. DIt is usually temporary, and hair grows back afterwards

对于小面积或散在的烧伤，哪个区域可用来快速估算 1% 的体表面积？

1. A患者自己的手掌（含手指）
2. B检查者的手掌（含手指）
3. C患者的手和前臂
4. D患者的拇指指甲

How should a patient with facial burns usually be positioned?

1. AIn any position that keeps the face covered
2. BLying face down on the pillow to protect the airway
3. CWith the head of the bed raised to reduce swelling
4. DLying flat with the head lower than the feet

Which is a recognised side effect of ondansetron?

1. AHearing loss
2. BSevere hypoglycaemia
3. CConstipation
4. DHair loss

A patient has a category (stage) 2 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AMassage around the wound every hour to stimulate blood flow to the skin
2. BLeave it uncovered and dry it with a hair dryer
3. COffload the area, manage moisture, support nutrition and dress it
4. DSit the patient upright in a chair for most of the day

A patient on warfarin has a major upper GI bleed with an INR of 5. Which treatment should the nurse anticipate to reverse the warfarin?

1. AOral aspirin to balance the clotting system quickly
2. BProthrombin complex concentrate with IV vitamin K
3. CProtamine sulfate on its own
4. DMore warfarin to stabilise the INR