内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

  1. AYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet
  2. BBright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels
  3. CBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell
  4. DVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material
2.简单

Which exercises are usually taught to patients before major surgery?

  1. AHeavy weightlifting to build strength
  2. BDeep breathing, coughing and leg exercises
  3. CHolding the breath for as long as possible
  4. DLong-distance running every day
3.简单

How should a patient be positioned during enteral tube feeding?

  1. ALying on the stomach with the head turned to one side
  2. BLying completely flat on the back with one pillow
  3. CWith the head of the bed raised to at least 30–45°
  4. DWith the head lower than the feet
4.中等

Which intervention most reduces pressure ulcer risk in an immobile patient?

  1. ARegular repositioning and a pressure-redistributing mattress
  2. BKeeping the head of the bed raised at 90° all day
  3. CMassaging red areas firmly at each turn to bring back the circulation
  4. DUsing a doughnut-shaped ring cushion
5.中等

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

  1. ADecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
  2. BHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
  3. CA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly
  4. DEating a large high-fibre meal
6.中等

Which long-term effect must be monitored in patients receiving anthracyclines such as doxorubicin?

  1. ADamage to the heart muscle
  2. BLoss of the sense of smell
  3. CPermanent high blood glucose
  4. DExcess growth of body hair
7.困难

一名回肠造口患者 6 小时没有排出物，伴绞痛、腹胀、恶心和造口肿胀。护士应怀疑什么？

  1. A回肠造口排出量过大引起的脱水
  2. B造口堵塞，常由食物引起，需要评估
  3. C新回肠造口的正常安静期
  4. D造口周围轻微皮疹
8.困难

A sacral wound has heavy exudate, and the surrounding skin is white, soft and wrinkled. What should the nurse do?

  1. AProtect the skin edges and use a more absorbent dressing
  2. BUse a dressing that adds even more moisture
  3. CApply a tight plastic film directly over the wound
  4. DLeave the same dressing in place for a week so the wound is not disturbed

答案

  1. 1. B · Bright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels
  2. 2. B · Deep breathing, coughing and leg exercises
  3. 3. C · With the head of the bed raised to at least 30–45°
  4. 4. A · Regular repositioning and a pressure-redistributing mattress
  5. 5. A · Decompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
  6. 6. A · Damage to the heart muscle
  7. 7. B · 造口堵塞，常由食物引起，需要评估
  8. 8. A · Protect the skin edges and use a more absorbent dressing

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