内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is a carcinoma?

1. AA cancer of white blood cells
2. BA cancer arising from bone or muscle
3. CA benign growth of fatty tissue
4. DA cancer arising from epithelial cells

What is referred pain?

1. APain that is passed on from one doctor to another
2. BPain that a patient makes up
3. CPain that only lasts for a few seconds
4. DPain felt at a site away from the organ causing it

What is an autograft in burn care?

1. AA synthetic dressing made in a laboratory from collagen
2. BSkin taken from another part of the patient's own body
3. CSkin taken from a pig or other animal
4. DSkin taken from a donor who has died

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AEating more red meat
2. BDrinking more coffee
3. CAvoiding all exercise
4. DStopping smoking

Which long-term effect must be monitored in patients receiving anthracyclines such as doxorubicin?

1. APermanent high blood glucose
2. BExcess growth of body hair
3. CDamage to the heart muscle
4. DLoss of the sense of smell

How should pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules usually be taken?

1. AOne hour after meals, on an empty stomach
2. BOnce a day at bedtime
3. CWith every meal and snack
4. DOnly on days with abdominal pain

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. ATurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
2. BSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing
3. CComplete the admission paperwork and medication history
4. DGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding

Why is an SGLT2 inhibitor such as dapagliflozin usually withheld before surgery?

1. AIt raises the risk of ketoacidosis, even with near-normal glucose
2. BIt causes the surgical wound to bleed more
3. CIt makes the patient's potassium dangerously high
4. DIt interacts with all general anaesthetic gases and stops them working