内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ANon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
2. BLoop diuretics
3. CLow molecular weight heparins
4. DProton pump inhibitors

Which sign is typical of hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA fine rash over the chest and arms
2. BA stiff neck with sensitivity to light
3. CA drooping eyelid on one side
4. DA flapping tremor of the outstretched hands

用缝线闭合的清洁手术切口属于哪种愈合方式？

1. A一期愈合
2. B三期愈合
3. C二期愈合
4. D延迟愈合

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia
2. BNo food at all until the confusion settles
3. COnly clear fluids for several weeks
4. DNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack

内镜检查前，哪个评分用于评估上消化道出血的风险？

1. AWaterlow 压疮风险评分
2. B格拉斯哥昏迷量表
3. CDVT 的 Wells 评分
4. DGlasgow-Blatchford 评分

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. ASmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
2. BThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
3. CSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal
4. DA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. AGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding
2. BComplete the admission paperwork and medication history
3. CTurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
4. DSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing

A patient taking IV antibiotics has three unexplained loose stools in 24 hours. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive loperamide after each loose stool and continue as usual
2. BWait two days to see if the diarrhoea settles
3. CMove the patient to a bay with other patients to watch them closely
4. DIsolate the patient and send a stool sample for testing