内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

患者通常如何描述神经病理性疼痛？

1. A一阵阵袭来的痉挛性疼痛
2. B活动时加重的钝痛
3. C仅在按压该区域时的搏动性疼痛
4. D烧灼样、射击样或像电击

How is the length of a nasogastric tube usually estimated before insertion?

1. AAny length, as long as the whole tube is inserted
2. BFrom the chin to the umbilicus in a straight line
3. CFrom the mouth to the knee on the same side of the body
4. DFrom the nose tip to the earlobe, then to the xiphisternum

Which is the single largest preventable risk factor for cancer?

1. ADrinking tap water
2. BTobacco smoking
3. CUsing mobile phones
4. DWearing synthetic clothing

Which infection control measure is correct for a patient with C. difficile diarrhoea?

1. ANo special measures once antibiotics have started
2. BA face mask for the patient and visitors only
3. CA shared bay, as long as alcohol gel is used after every contact
4. DA single room with its own toilet, and soap-and-water handwashing

Why is an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before compression bandaging for a leg ulcer?

1. ATo exclude significant arterial disease
2. BTo find the bacteria in the wound
3. CTo check for a leg bone fracture
4. DTo find out how deep the ulcer is

对病情稳定的消化道出血患者，哪种红细胞输血策略符合目前的证据？

1. A给所有人输血，使血红蛋白始终保持在 150 g/L 以上
2. B每次内镜检查前常规输两个单位
3. C限制性阈值，多数稳定患者常在约 70 g/L
4. D无论血红蛋白或症状如何，从不输血

一名肝硬化伴腹水的患者出现新发热、腹部压痛和意识混乱加重。应怀疑哪种并发症？

1. A腹水的正常进展
2. B自发性细菌性腹膜炎
3. C单纯便秘
4. D急性胰腺炎

A patient with recurrent diverticulitis reports passing air and faecal matter in the urine. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA kidney stone blocking the ureter
2. BA fistula between the colon and the bladder
3. CA simple lower urinary tract infection
4. DBowel preparation that was taken too quickly