内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry
2. BUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft
3. CScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks
4. DApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area

What is a common reason for giving a premedication before surgery?

1. ATo make the patient hungry after surgery
2. BTo treat the surgical wound in advance
3. CTo replace the general anaesthetic
4. DTo reduce anxiety

Which drug group is commonly used to prevent venous thromboembolism after surgery?

1. ANon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
2. BLow molecular weight heparins
3. CLoop diuretics
4. DProton pump inhibitors

Why are antiemetics usually given before chemotherapy starts?

1. AThey cannot be given once nausea has started
2. BThey stop the chemotherapy from causing hair loss and mouth sores
3. CPreventing nausea works better than treating it later
4. DAntiemetics make the chemotherapy work better

Which is correct when caring for a patient with a PICC line?

1. AUse the PICC arm for heavy lifting to keep it flexible
2. BAvoid taking blood pressure on the arm with the line
3. CFlush the line only when it blocks
4. DLeave the external length unchecked once it is placed

Which pain pattern classically suggests a duodenal rather than a gastric ulcer?

1. APain only on deep breathing that eases when sitting forwards
2. BPain straight after eating that is worsened by food
3. CPain 2–3 hours after meals and at night, eased by eating
4. DPain in the right lower abdomen with fever and vomiting

Shortly after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient says their arms feel weak and it is hard to breathe, and the BP is falling. What is most likely?

1. AA high spinal block
2. BA post-dural puncture headache
3. CAn anxiety attack
4. DA normal spinal effect

Which medicine commonly needs enteral feeds paused before and after each dose because the feed reduces its absorption?

1. ALactulose
2. BPhenytoin
3. COmeprazole liquid
4. DParacetamol