内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Which feature is typical of an arterial leg ulcer?

1. AA shallow, wet wound around the ankle with warm, swollen skin
2. BA painful, punched-out wound on a cold, pale foot
3. CA painless wound on the shin with normal pulses
4. DA blister on the heel with plenty of hair growth

哪两个原因导致大多数急性胰腺炎病例？

1. A吸烟和肥胖
2. B病毒性感冒和压力
3. C胆结石和酒精
4. D高纤维和脱水

使用成人“九分法”，一条完整的手臂占体表面积的百分之多少？

1. A36%
2. B9%
3. C18%
4. D1%

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm
2. BAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
3. CA heart attack during the operation
4. DA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning

麻醉期间，恶性高热最早的征象通常是什么？

1. A呼气末 CO₂ 无法解释地升高
2. B体温持续下降
3. C心率减慢、血压降低
4. D皮肤潮红，同时 CO₂ 水平下降

What is the main treatment for a venous leg ulcer with an adequate arterial supply?

1. AKeeping the leg hanging down all day
2. BSurgery to amputate the limb
3. CStrong oral antibiotics for all ulcers
4. DCompression therapy

A nurse teaches a patient after a laparoscopic fundoplication for reflux. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Fizzy drinks will help me bring up wind after meals."
2. B"I'll eat soft, moist food at first and chew it well."
3. C"I should eat smaller meals for a while after the operation."
4. D"Some difficulty swallowing can happen in the early weeks."

拔除硬膜外导管数小时后，一名使用抗凝药的患者出现背痛和逐渐加重的腿部无力。应怀疑什么？

1. A尿路感染引起的背痛
2. B硬膜外阻滞在一天内的正常消退
3. C硬膜外血肿，需要紧急评估和 MRI
4. D骶部压疮引起的牵涉性腿痛