内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What is the main purpose of marking the surgical site before an operation?

1. ATo record the patient's allergy status
2. BTo show where the skin should be shaved
3. CTo tell the porter which theatre to go to
4. DTo prevent surgery on the wrong side or site

What is the MUST tool used for?

1. AScoring the severity of a burn injury
2. BScreening adults for malnutrition risk
3. CMeasuring pain in confused patients
4. DAssessing the risk of falls

为什么肠梗阻时常插入鼻胃管？

1. A直接越过梗阻处输入高纤维营养液
2. B给予泻药以解除梗阻
3. C使胃减压并减少呕吐
4. D测量肠内的压力

During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?

1. AAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness
2. BA rise in platelet count above normal
3. CSevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion
4. DSudden hair loss during the infusion

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
2. BLie flat on their back for the first night
3. CBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery
4. DStop all pain relief for the first three days

手术前常被问及哪种草药补充剂，因为它可能增加出血？

1. A洋甘菊
2. B银杏
3. C薄荷油
4. D蔓越莓

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo treat the patient's anaemia only
2. BTo prevent hair loss during treatment
3. CTo increase the anticancer effect on the tumour
4. DTo rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity

An older patient with atrial fibrillation has sudden severe abdominal pain, but the abdomen is soft with little tenderness. Lactate is raised. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AIrritable bowel syndrome
2. BAcute mesenteric ischaemia
3. CSimple constipation
4. DMuscle strain from coughing