内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. AHidden human blood in the stool
2. BParasites and their eggs in the stool
3. CFat in the stool from poor absorption
4. DBacteria that cause food poisoning

What is cancer cachexia?

1. AWeight gain caused by steroid treatment
2. BA fever that occurs after every chemotherapy cycle and lasts several days
3. CSevere loss of weight and muscle that diet alone does not reverse
4. DA skin rash from radiotherapy

Which signs suggest a surgical site infection?

1. AMild itching as the wound heals
2. BMild bruising around the wound that is fading a little each day
3. CA dry wound edge with a thin scab
4. DIncreasing pain, redness, swelling, heat and pus

What is a Curling's ulcer?

1. AA burn on the sole of the foot
2. BA leg ulcer caused by venous disease after long bed rest
3. CA stress ulcer of the stomach or duodenum after a major burn
4. DA pressure ulcer under a splint that has been left on too long

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life
2. BDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output
3. CEat only liquids until the stoma is removed
4. DEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually

Why should metoclopramide not be used for nausea in mechanical bowel obstruction?

1. AIt makes the bowel stop moving completely
2. BIt always causes severe diarrhoea
3. CIt blocks the effect of all opioids
4. DIt increases gut movement against the blockage

A patient on modified-release morphine for cancer pain has needed four breakthrough doses every day for several days. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient to put up with the pain between doses
2. BGive all breakthrough doses at the same time
3. CReport it, as the regular background dose may need review
4. DStop the breakthrough doses to reduce opioid use

一名回肠造口患者 6 小时没有排出物，伴绞痛、腹胀、恶心和造口肿胀。护士应怀疑什么？

1. A回肠造口排出量过大引起的脱水
2. B造口周围轻微皮疹
3. C造口堵塞，常由食物引起，需要评估
4. D新回肠造口的正常安静期