内外科护理：消化、围手术期与肿瘤练习卷（附答案）

Why should rings, watches and tight clothing be removed early after a burn to the arm?

1. AThey interfere with the rule of nines calculation of burn size
2. BThey make the burn look worse in photographs
3. CMetal items always cause infection in burns
4. DSwelling may follow, and they could cut off the circulation

Which sign suggests acute cholecystitis?

1. APain that stops a deep breath when the right upper abdomen is pressed
2. BPain in the left lower abdomen when the right side is pressed
3. CBruising around the umbilicus and over both flanks of the abdomen
4. DA flapping tremor of the hands when the arms are held out

At which stage of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist does the team confirm the patient, site and procedure just before the skin incision?

1. ASign Out
2. BSign In
3. CHandover
4. DTime Out

Which initial treatment is usual for symptomatic hypercalcaemia of malignancy?

1. AOral calcium tablets and vitamin D
2. BFluid restriction and a thiazide diuretic
3. CIV fluids followed by an IV bisphosphonate
4. DA high-calcium diet with extra milk

Why should antacids usually be taken at a different time from other medicines?

1. AThey stop the kidneys from clearing other drugs
2. BThey destroy other drugs before they are swallowed
3. CThey can reduce the absorption of many other drugs
4. DThey make all other drugs much more toxic

Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?

1. AA wet wound bed always prevents infection
2. BWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
3. CA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster
4. DWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab

拔除硬膜外导管数小时后，一名使用抗凝药的患者出现背痛和逐渐加重的腿部无力。应怀疑什么？

1. A硬膜外血肿，需要紧急评估和 MRI
2. B尿路感染引起的背痛
3. C硬膜外阻滞在一天内的正常消退
4. D骶部压疮引起的牵涉性腿痛

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo increase the anticancer effect on the tumour
2. BTo rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
3. CTo treat the patient's anaemia only
4. DTo prevent hair loss during treatment